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El sistema penitenciario. Orígenes y evolución histórica

The Penitentiary System. Origins and Historical Evolution
Authors: Checa Rivera, Natalia;

El sistema penitenciario. Orígenes y evolución histórica

Abstract

El objeto principal del presente Trabajo de Fin de Máster es ofrecer un estudio sobre los orígenes y la evolución de las prisiones desde sus inicios hasta la actualidad. Para ello, se ofrecerá una aproximación a las primeras «Casas de Corrección» que surgieron tanto en España como en otros países. Seguidamente, se verán las distintas modalidades de penas que se aplicaban antiguamente en la ejecución penal hispana (v. gr. galeras, minas de Almadén, presidios africanos, Arsenal de Marina, etc.). Posteriormente, se analizarán los distintos sistemas penitenciarios que surgieron en Norteamérica, y la importancia que tendrá para España el sistema progresivo que ideó Abadía y que, más tarde, continuaría Montesinos. Asimismo, se expondrán las principales características de las normativas decimonónicas que han resultado de mayor relevancia para la historia del penitenciarismo español. Se estudiará el s. XX, periodo en el que resultará especialmente relevante la figura de Victoria Kent como Directora General de Prisiones durante la Segunda República, observándose una clara evolución de los derechos de los penados, produciéndose cambios y mejoras fundamentales en la vida cotidiana en las cárceles. Por último, el estudio de dicha evolución culminará en la actualidad: el s. XXI. Del sistema penitenciario español actual se estudiarán los regímenes penitenciarios, la clasificación de los penados y la individualización científica, haciendo uso de la Ley Orgánica General Penitenciaria de 1979 y del Reglamento Penitenciario de 1996, ambos vigentes a día de hoy.

The aim of this postgraduate dissertation is the study of the origins and evolution of the penitentiary centres along modern history. First, I shall introduce the primary Houses of Correction that were established in Spain and other European countries. Subsequently, I will present some of the most important sentences carried out throughout the late Middle Ages and the entire Modern Age; namely, punishments in galleys and the mines in Almadén together with the correctional facilities established in Northern Africa. Then, I will proceed to discuss the key influence exerted by some of the principal penitentiaries founded in North America in the penal system created by Abadía, which was, afterwards, improved by Montesinos. In the same way, the following section of this dissertation will deal with the key elements sketched in the nineteenth-century regulations that have certainly played a key role in the Spanish penal system. Afterwards, the twentieth Century shall appear on the scene, bringing –specially– into focus the extraordinary figure of Victoria Kent as general director along the second Republic, who sharpened the convicts’ principal rights. In conclusion, the final part of this composition will develop the current Spanish penitentiary system and the convicts’ organisation, applying the General Penitentiary Law of 1979 and the Penitentiary rule of 1996, which are still implemented nowadays.

Máster Universitario en Acceso a la Profesión de Abogado (M155)

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Prisiones, Sistemas penitenciarios, Penitentiaries, Progressive regime, Historical evolution in the penal system, Regímenes penitenciarios, Individualización científica, Clasificación penitenciaria, Regimes and classification, Humanitarismo, Penitenciarismo español, Régimen progresivo, Derecho, Casas de Corrección, Scientific individualization, Nineteenth-century regulations, Normativa decimonónica, Penitentiary systems, Spanish penal system, Actualidad, Houses of Correction, Montesinos, Victoria Kent, Law, Evolución penitenciaria, Humanitarianism

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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