1. Introduction: The Custom in Question --Rogaia Mustafa Abusharaf PART I: LOCAL CONTEXTS AND CURRENT DEBATES 2. "Had This Been Your Face, Would You leave It as Is?" Female Circumcision Among Nubians of Egypt --Fadwa El Guindi 3. Male and Female Circumcision: The Myth of the Difference --Sami A. Aldeeb Abu-Sahlieh PART II: AFRICAN CAMPAIGNS TO ERADICATE FEMALE CIRCUMCISION 4. Community-Based Efforts to End Female Genital Mutilation in Kenya: Raising Awareness and Organizing Alternative Rites of Passage --Asha Mohamud, Samson Radeny, and Karin Ringheim 5. A Community of Women Empowered: The Story of Deir Al Barsha --Amal Abdel Hadi 6. Strategies for Encouraging the Abandonment of Female Genital Cutting: Experiences from Senegal, Burkina Faso, and Mali --Nafissatou J. Diop and Ian Askew 7. The Sudanese National Committee on the Eradication of Harmful Traditional Practices and the Campaign Against Female Genital Mutilation --Hamid El Bashir 8. The Babiker Badri Scientific Association for Women's Studies and the Eradication of Female Circumcision in the Sudan --Shahira Ahmed 9. "My Grandmother Called It the Three Feminine Sorrows": The Struggle of Women Against Female Circumcision in Somalia --Raqiya D. Abdalla PART III: DEBATES IN IMMIGRANT-RECEIVING SOCIETIES 10. The Double-Edged Sword: Using Criminal Law Against Female Genital Mutilation --Audrey Macklin 11. Representing Africa in the Kasinga Asylum Case --Charles Piot 12. Afterword: Safe Harbor and Homage --L. Amede Obiora Notes List of References List of Contributors Index Acknowledgments