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Cytotoxic NKG2C+ CD4 T cells target oligodenfrocytes in Multiple Sclerosis

Authors: Zaguia, Fatma;

Cytotoxic NKG2C+ CD4 T cells target oligodenfrocytes in Multiple Sclerosis

Abstract

La sclérose en plaques (SEP) est caractérisée par l'infiltration de cellules immunes au sein du système nerveux central (SNC). Les mécanismes par lesquels ces cellules contribuent à la formation des lésions typiques de cette pathologie restent à élucider. Les cellules T CD4 jouent un rôle important dans l'inflammation observée en SEP. Des travaux antérieurs ont démontré que des cellules T CD4 spécifiques à la myéline et exprimant le CD56, un marqueur des cellules NK, ont une activité cytotoxique in vitro dirigée contre les oligodendrocytes humains. Nous avons déterminé si les cellules T CD4 réactives à la myéline expriment et utilisent d'autres marqueurs NK impliqué dans cette cytotoxicité contre les oligodendrocytes. Nous avons observé que des lignées de cellules T CD4 spécifiques pour la myéline, ainsi que des cellules T CD4 activées par la PHA peuvent exprimer le NKG2C, le récepteur activateur qui interagit avec le HLA-E, une molécule non-classique du CMH de classe I. Les cellules T CD4 positives pour le NKG2C co-expriment le CD56, des niveaux élevés de molécules cytotoxiques tels que le FasL, le granzyme B et la perforine par rapport à leurs homologues n'exprimant pas le NKG2C. Nous avons aussi montré que ces cellules sont cytotoxiques envers des oligodendrocytes humains, qui expriment le HLA-E suite à un traitement avec des cytokines des inflammatoires. La proportion des cellules T CD4 exprimant le NKG2C est significativement plus élevée dans les échantillons de sang ex-vivo provenant de patients atteints de la SEP par rapport à ceux des témoins. Nous avons observé par immunohistochimie sur des coupes de tissus de patients atteints de la SEP la présence d'oligodendrocytes exprimant le HLA-E ainsi que des cellules T CD4 arborant le NKG2C. Nos résultats révèlent un nouveau mécanisme par lequel les cellules T CD4 pourraient contribuer directement à la formation des lésions tissulaires observées dans le SNC des patients atteints de la SEP.

The mechanisms whereby immune cells infiltrating the central nervous system in multiple sclerosis (MS) contribute to tissue injury remain to be defined. CD4 T cells are implicated as key mediators of the deleterious inflammation observed in MS. Myelin reactive CD4 T cells expressing CD56, an NK cell marker, were previously shown to be cytotoxic to human oligodendrocytes in vitro. We sought to determine whether myelin reactive CD4 T cells could also express and utilize other NK associated markers to mediate oligodendrocyte directed cytotoxicity. We observed that myelin reactive CD4 T cell lines, as well as short term PHA-activated CD4 T cells can express NKG2C, the activating receptor that interacts with HLA-E, a non-classical MHC class I molecule. These cells co-expressed CD56, had elevated levels of cytotoxic molecules FasL, granzyme B and perforin compared to their NKG2C-negative counterparts and mediated significant in vitro cytotoxicity towards human oligodendrocytes induced to express HLA-E with pro-inflammatory cytokines. A significantly elevated proportion of ex-vivo peripheral blood CD4 T cells from MS patients expressed NKG2C compared to controls. Our immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that MS tissue sections displayed HLA-E+ oligodendrocytes and NKG2C+ CD4 T cells. Our results implicate a novel mechanism through which infiltrating CD4T cells could contribute to tissue injury in MS.

Nathalie Arbour (Internal/Cosupervisor2)

Antel, Jack P. (Internal/Supervisor)

Country
Canada
Related Organizations
Keywords

Health Sciences - Immunology, FOS: Clinical medicine, Immunology

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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