Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
addClaim

Discovery and characterization of PKLR gene variants from malaria endemic regions

Authors: van Bruggen, Rebekah;

Discovery and characterization of PKLR gene variants from malaria endemic regions

Abstract

La malaria a soumis le génome humain à une forte pression de sélection. En effets, plusieurs variantes de protéine érythrocytaires bien connues, tel que l’hémoglobine S (causant l’anémie falciforme) et des variantes fonctionnelles causant une déficience en glucose-6-phosphate déshydrogénase, ont été associés à une protection contre des formes sévères de malaria. Ces variantes protectrices sont retrouvées dans des régions qui sont historiquement et présentement endémiques pour la malaria. Initialement identifié chez la souris et ensuite confirmé in vitro dans des érythrocytes humains, le déficit en pyruvate kinase confère une protection contre les infections par le Plasmodium. Nous formulons donc l’hypothèse que des variantes fonctionnels du gène du pyruvate kinase des érythrocytes (PKLR) pourront être identifiés dans des populations provenant de ces régions endémiques et que ceux-ci seront associés à une réduction de la sévérité des symptômes de la malaria. Les exons et les jonctions exons/introns du gène PKLR ont été séquencés chez un sous-groupe de participants de trois études longitudinales effectuées dans des régions d’endémicité haute à intermédiaire; plus particulièrement dans les villages Sénégalais Dielmo et Ndiop, de même que dans un groupe de villages situés le long de la frontière entre la Thaïlande et le Myanmar. Dans la cohorte analysée, trois mutations non-synonymes furent identifiées : la mutation L272V dans la communauté Ndiop, de même que les mutations V269F et R41Q dans la communauté Thaïlandaise. Le génotypage de la mutation R41Q (non rapportée précédemment dans la littérature) dans la population Thaïlandaise nous indique une fréquence allélique mineure approximant 4,5%. Une évaluation biochimique de la mutation ne démontre pas d’effet sur l’activité enzymatique de la protéine. Néanmoins, les femmes hétérozygotes pour la mutation R41Q présentent une réduction significative des attaques de P. falciparum en comparaison avec les homozygotes non-variantes.

Malaria has subjected a strong selective pressure on the human genome. Several well-known erythrocyte protein variants, including hemoglobin S (causing sickle cell anemia) and functional variants in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (leading to deficiency in this enzyme) have been associated with protection against severe malarial disease and are distributed in regions which are historically and currently endemic for malaria. First identified in mice, then confirmed in vitro in human erythrocytes, pyruvate kinase deficiency appears to protect against Plasmodium infection. We hypothesize that functional variants within the pyruvate kinase erythrocyte gene (PKLR) will be identified within populations from malarial endemic regions, and that these variants will be associated with reduced severity of malarial phenotypes. The exons and intron/exon junctions of the PKLR gene were sequenced for a subset of participants within three longitudinal studies from areas of high and intermediate endemicity (Senegalese villages, Dielmo and Ndiop, and cluster of villages along the Thai-Myanmar border). Three non-synonymous mutations were discovered in the sequenced cohort: the L272V mutation within the Ndiop community, as well as the V269F and R41Q mutations from the Thai community. Genotyping of the R41Q mutation (not previously reported in the literature) within the Thai study population revealed a minor allele frequency of approximately 4.5%. While a biochemical assay of this mutation failed to indicate any effect on enzymatic activity, women heterozygous for R41Q exhibited a significant decrease in the number of P. falciparum attacks in comparison to non-variant homozygotes.

Gros, Philippe (Internal/Supervisor)

Country
Canada
Related Organizations
Keywords

Biology - Genetics, FOS: Biological sciences, Genetics

  • BIP!
    Impact byBIP!
    selected citations
    These citations are derived from selected sources.
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    0
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Upload OA version
Are you the author of this publication? Upload your Open Access version to Zenodo!
It’s fast and easy, just two clicks!