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Flow regulation of Neuropilin-1 and the role of Neuropilin-1 in mechanotransduction

Authors: Jahnsen, Espen;

Flow regulation of Neuropilin-1 and the role of Neuropilin-1 in mechanotransduction

Abstract

Le concept de l'angiogénèse est simple et bien défini, comme la formation de nouveaux vaisseaux sanguins à partir de vaisseaux préexistants, mais son mécanisme est complexe, et implique une multitude de facteurs qui sont encore méconnus. Une des choses que nous savons avec certitude, est que l'angiogénèse est une composante vitale de la vie, autant que de la mort. De la vie, quant au développement du système cardiovasculaire chez l'embryon, et de la mort, lorsque l'angiogénèse agit de façon totalement incontrôlée, comme dans le cas du développement des tumeurs. La mécanotransduction est la transition des forces mécaniques en une cascade de signalisation qui conduit à l'activation de gène. Ce phénomène se produit par la cascade de signalisation du facteur de croissance vasculaire (VEGF), à travers l'activation et la translocation du récepteur VEGF-R2. Le résultat final consiste en la prolifération et la migration des cellules endothéliales, ce qui occasionne l'expansion des vaisseaux sanguins déjà existants. Neuropilin-1 (Nrp-1) est un co-récepteur, localisé sur la membrane des cellules endothéliales, renforçant la liaison de VEGF au VEGF-R2. Au cours de cette étude, nous avons temporairement inhibé neuropilin-1 dans les cellules endothéliales vasculaires, en utilisant de petits ARN interférants, et nous avons exposé ces cellules à des forces de cisaillement laminaires, in vitro. Nous avons démontré que l'absence de nrp-1 a non seulement un impact sur l'expression des gènes régulés par mécanotransduction, mais joue également un rôle dans cette mécanotransduction. Nous avons prouvé pour la première fois qu'inhiber l'action de nrp-1 prévient l'augmentation de la régulation de KLF2 induites par les forces de cisaillement. Ce résultat suggère que nrp-1 affecte la régulation de la transcription de KLF2. Finalement, nous avons également démontré par immunomarquage que l'absence de neuropilin-1 affecte le complexe de signalisation inter-cellulaire avec VEGF-R2 et PECAM-1 dans les jonctions adhérentes, mais n'affecte pas le réarrangement de l'actine du cytosquelette.

The concept of angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from preexisting vessels, is simple and well defined but the execution of this concept is highly complex, involving factors that are poorly understood. What we certainly know, is that angiogenesis is a vital component of life and death; life with respect to the development of the cardiovascular system in the early embryos, and death when angiogenesis occurs in an uncontrollable manner such as during tumor development. Mechanotransduction is the translation of mechanical forces into a signaling cascade that leads to the activation of genes. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling cascade is an important pathway in endothelial cells and this pathway is required for the transduction of mechanical forces resulting in the expansion of existing blood vessels. The receptor VEGF-R2 is the initial point of this pathway and the activation and translocation of VEGF-R2 results in the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells. Neuropilin-1 (nrp-1) is a co-receptor located on the membrane of the endothelial cells that strengthens the binding of VEGF to VEGF-R2. In this research we have temporarily silenced neuropilin-1 in vascular endothelial cells using small interfering RNA and exposed endothelial cells to laminar shear stress in vitro. We have shown that the absence of nrp-1 has an effect on the expression of mechanotransduced genes and plays a role in mechanotransduction. We have shown for the first time that knocking down nrp-1 prevents the shear stress induced upregulation of KLF2. This suggests that nrp-1 affects the transcriptional regulation of KLF2. We also have shown through immunostaining that the absence of neuropilin-1 affects the cell-cell signaling complex with VEGF-R2 and PECAM-1 in the adherens junction, but it does not affect the rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton.

Jones, Elizabeth (Internal/Supervisor)

Country
Canada
Related Organizations
Keywords

Engineering - Chemical, Chemical Engineering

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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