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Double-difference earthquake relocation of Charlevoix seismicity, Eastern Canada and implication for regional geological structures

Authors: Pang, Meng;

Double-difference earthquake relocation of Charlevoix seismicity, Eastern Canada and implication for regional geological structures

Abstract

L’Est du Canada est situé au cœur de la plaque nord-américaine et, par conséquent, devrait avoir un taux d’activité sismique relativement faible. Cependant, de grands séismes se produisent dans la région, particulièrement dans la Zone Sismique de Charlevoix (ZSC), située à environ 100 km en aval de la ville de Québec. Dans le passé, la Zone Sismique de Charlevoix a fait l'objet de cinq séismes avec une magnitude de 6 ou plus (M~7 en 1663; M~6 en 1791 et 1860; M~6.5 en 1870, MS 6.2 +_0.3 en 1925). Les structures géologiques régionales de la ZSC ne sont cependant pas bien comprises. Étant la région sismique la plus active de l'Est du Canada, la ZSC peut causer un risque sociétal important. Par conséquent, une meilleure connaissance de la distribution et des caractéristiques sismiques de ces événements améliorerait la compréhension des risques sismiques de la Zone Sismique de Charlevoix.La localisation des séismes, technique de base en seismométrie, joue un rôle important dans l'étude des failles actives. L’algorithme de localisation des séismes par double différence (HYPODD) permet d'obtenir en haute résolution la localisation de l'hypocentre, en introduisant le résiduel entre la différence de temps de trajet observée et calculée de deux événements, et en supprimant les effets de la vitesse de la structure non modélisée. Dans cette thèse, la résolution de l’algorithme de localisation des séismes par différence double a été analysée en utilisant les données sismiques de la Commission Géologique du Canada de 1988 à 2010. Cet algorithme a été utilisé pour relocaliser plus de 2000 séismes dans la zone sismique de Charlevoix (ZSC), en utilisant un modèle de vitesse relative d’une étude précédente. Les résultats de localisation de données de catalogue initial et les résultats de localisation par double différence sont comparables. La coupe de la partie nord-est de la ZSC montre un plongement de faille d’environ 60 degrés vers le sud-est et met en évidence la présence de caractéristiques géologiques mineures de failles de rift sous le fleuve Saint-Laurent. Ceci est un progrès dans l’identification de l’orientation de la faille et permet de mieux comprendre la microtectonique de la CSZ.

Eastern Canada is located within the North American Plate and, therefore, should have a relatively low rate of earthquake activity compared with interplate boundary. However, large earthquakes do occur in the region, especially in the Charlevoix Seismic Zone (CSZ) located about 100km downstream from Quebec City. In history, the Charlevoix Seismic Zone has been subject to five earthquakes with magnitude 6 or larger (M~7 in 1663; M~6 in 1791 and 1860; M~6.5 in 1870; MS 6.2 +_0.3 in 1925). However, the regional geological structures of the CSZ are not well understood. As one of the most seismically active region in Eastern Canada, the earthquakes in the CSZ are a significant hazard. Therefore, improved knowledge of distribution and seismic characteristics of these events provides a great benefit for understanding the seismic hazard of the CSZ. In this thesis, I apply earthquake location technique on discovering fault features in CSZ. Earthquake location, as a basic technique in seismometry, plays an important role in the studying of fault structures. The double-difference earthquake location algorithm (HYPODD) is able to get high-resolution hypocenter locations by introducing the residual between observed and calculated travel times between two events, and removing the effects of the un-modeled velocity structure. In this thesis, the resolution of double-difference location algorithm was analyzed using the seismic data of Canadian National Seismograph Network(CNSN) from Jan,1988 to Oct, 2010. The double-difference earthquake location algorithm was used to relocate more than 400 earthquakes in the Charlevoix seismic zone (CSZ), using a layered velocity model. The location results of initial catalog data and double-difference relocation results visually compare with each other, and the cross section of the northeast part in CSZ shows two nearly parallel faults dipping about 60 degree to the southeast. This provides evidence that there are minor rifting geological features underneath the St-Laurence River.

Liu, Yajing (Internal/Supervisor)

Country
Canada
Related Organizations
Keywords

550, Earth Sciences - Geophysics

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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