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The legal interpretation of technology

Authors: Lord, Francis;

The legal interpretation of technology

Abstract

L'interprétation juridique de la technologie tire de l'histoire et de la théorie littéraire une approche interprétative à l'étude du droit et de la technologie. Elle postule que la signification de la technologie ne réside pas dans les technologies elle-même, mais résulte de son interprétation. La thèse ne cherche pas à favoriser une interprétation plutôt qu'une autre, mais à examiner comment les interprétations sont formulées et qu'est-ce qui détermine leur crédibilité. Plus spécifiquement, elle soutient que les agents juridiques interprètent la technologie en accord avec les conceptions dominantes du droit. La 'nouveauté' de la technologie illustre ce type particulier d'interprétation. La nouveauté n'est pas une caractéristique strictement temporelle des technologies. Elle est plutôt une étiquette que les agents juridiques apposent sur une technologie pour signifier qu'elle dévie suffisamment du droit pour justifier un traitement particulier. La neutralité et la forme déterminée de la technologie sont d'autres importants exemples. Elles garantissent que la métaphysique de la technologie n'interfère pas avec l'autonomie humaine. L'interprétation juridique de la technologie patrouille donc la frontière entre le droit et la technologie, préservant l'autorité du premier sur la seconde.Prenant pour acquis l'interprétation juridique de la technologie, la thèse revisite l'histoire du livre pour réfléchir au droit et à sa formation. À l'Angleterre du dix-septième siècle, deux factions du marché du livre distinguées par des régimes règlementaires se disputent le privilège d'imprimer les livres de la common law. S'inspirant de cette saga judiciaire et de la philosophie de Thomas Hobbes, la thèse présente le droit comme les commandements a-rationnels d'une autorité linguistique souveraine. En France du dix-huitième siècle, Diderot et les encyclopédistes défient la censure royale pour publier l'Encyclopédie. La raison est présentée en contraste au droit : les commandements du souverain sont toujours ambigus et nécessitent des clarifications et réaffirmations constantes. Dans la Grande Bretagne du dix-huitième et dix-neuvième siècle, le « copyrighted work », une matière autrefois déterminée, se transforme en substance intangible. L'ambiguïté et la pluralité du droit sont des caractéristiques du droit et non des déficiences. Les conflits qui opposent le droit et la technologie résultent en fait des contradictions internes du premier, y compris sa conception du temps.

The Legal Interpretation of Technology draws from history and literary theory to study law and technology. The thesis postulates that technological meaning does not reside within technologies themselves, but stems from interpretation. It investigates how interpretations of technology come to be and what makes some interpretations more persuasive than others. The thesis argues that legal agents interpret technology in a manner that reflects and is compatible with prevalent conceptions of law. The 'newness' of a technology, for example, is not a strictly temporal characteristic, but a label affixed to a technology in order to signify its deviancy and justify special treatment. The alleged neutrality and determinacy of technologies constitute other important examples: they ensure that the metaphysics of technology do not interfere with human agency and, therefore, preserve the possibility of obedience to law. Law and technology literature's reliance on speculation and contingency to regulate technological change derive from the rotes of legal prescriptivism. Interpretation thus polices the boundary between law and technology in order to preserve the authority of the former over the latter.Taking the legal interpretation of technology for granted, the thesis revisits episodes from the history of the book to reflect on law and lawmaking. Its first case study takes place in seventeenth-century England, when two factions of the book trade, divided along regulatory lines, fought in courts over the exclusive right to print common law books. Drawing from this judicial saga and from Thomas Hobbes' philosophy of language, the thesis portrays law as the arational commands of a sovereign linguistic authority. The thesis' second case study takes place in eighteenth-century France, when Diderot and his allies challenged royal censorship in order to publish the Encyclopédie. Reason is presented therein as law's foil: the sovereign's commands are always ambiguous; they require constant clarification and restatements to prevent semantic evasion. The last case study takes place in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Great Britain, when the copyrighted work evolved from a determinate matter to an intangible substance. The thesis argues that ambiguity and plurality are essential features of law, not defects. In conclusion, its author proposes that apparent conflicts between law and technology result, in fact, from the inner contradictions of law and its relation to time.

Pierre-Emmanuel Moyse (Supervisor1)

Latreille, Antoine (Supervisor2)

Country
Canada
Related Organizations
Keywords

Law

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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Average
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