The aim of this study is to determine the cognitive structures and misconceptions of the students who continue their education in the Preschool Education Department about the concepts of "Digital Native and Digital Parenting". Ethical permissions were obtained to conduct the research. This study is designed as qualitative research and a case study pattern, one of the qualitative research approaches, was used. The study group of the research consists of 56 students who continue their education in the department of preschool education. The independent word association test is used to collect the data of the study. The data obtained from the study group are evaluated using the content analysis method. As a result of the categorization of the data, 4 categories were created for both concepts. Categories created for the digital native keyword; perceived digital native, what is not digital native, the negativities awaiting digital natives are the gains of being digital native. Similarly, the categories created for the digital parent key concept; The perceived digital parent, what it is not, the digital parent, the negativities that await digital parents, the gains of being a digital parent. Among these categories, the category with the highest number of answer words given for the concept of "Digital Native" and the total frequency of the answer words is the category named "Achievements of being a digital native", while the number of answer words for the concept of "Digital Parenting" and at the same time the total frequency of the answer words is the highest. As a result, it is seen that word association tests are an effective technique in revealing the cognitive structures of individuals regarding a concept or subject and in detecting misconceptions.