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Acta Physica Sinica
Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
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Orbital angular momentum multiplexing three-dimensional encrypted hologram

Authors: Guoquan FANG; Han LIN; Siyue WANG; Pu PENG; Zheyu FANG;

Orbital angular momentum multiplexing three-dimensional encrypted hologram

Abstract

<sec>After decades of development, holography has evolved into a sophisticated optical technology for information display. Traditional holographic techniques, which rely solely on the wavelength and polarization of light as information carriers, are limited in both security and capacity of information. The introduction of orbital angular momentum (OAM) as an additional optical dimension into holography effectively addresses these challenges. In order to maintain the OAM mode characteristics of the original image, spatial discrete sampling must be performed first. The sampled image undergoes Fourier transform to generate a discrete hologram. An OAM-selective hologram is then constructed by multiplying the discrete hologram with a spiral phase factor. By superimposing multiple selective holograms with varying topological charges, an OAM-multiplexing hologram is generated.</sec><sec>Using this approach, computer simulations of OAM-based holography demonstrate the encryption of multiple two-dimensional images with different topological charges (<inline-formula><tex-math id="M1">\begin{document}$ {l}_{i} $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>) into an OAM-multiplexing hologram for storage. Decryption is achieved by illuminating the multiplexing hologram with a reproduction beam of a specific topological charge. When the condition (<inline-formula><tex-math id="M2">\begin{document}$ l'_{i}+{l}_{i}= 0 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>) is satisfied, the original image associated with the corresponding topological charge is successfully reproduced.</sec><sec>Furthermore, a three-dimensional object, such as a rose in the article, can be decomposed into multiple two-dimensional planes by using a layering method. Holograms for each layer are generated based on their spatial positions and a custom function <i>f</i> that assigns topological charges (<inline-formula><tex-math id="M4">\begin{document}$ {l}_{j} $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>). These holograms are stored in a phase array through OAM-multiplexing holography, effectively reducing the dimensionality of information storage. By setting different reproduction charges (<inline-formula><tex-math id="M5">\begin{document}$ l'_{j} $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>), the holograms are successfully reconstructed. The spatial position of each layer is determined by the function <i>f</i>, enabling the replicating and stacking of layers to achieve a three-dimensional reconstruction of the rose, including its petals, from different perspectives. This process realizes three-dimensional holography. Notably, the combination of topological charge and the function <i>f</i> servesacts as a cryptographic key, significantly enhancing the security of information transmission. This OAM-selective holography technology not only improves security, but also achieves higher information throughput, indicating its enormous potential in various applications.</sec>

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
gold