This paper aims to provide an analy-sis of the formation of the collective identity at the rural Valencia during the late Middle Ages. Since the 13th century, the collective identity of the peasantry started to set up on the little rural communities. These communities were particular homogene-ous between them and shared institutional, political and economic rights. Moreover, these communities took part of bigger territorial entities where a collective consciousness was developed, based on the pre-existence of common rights between the peasants. Finally, the collective identity was defined too through the interaction between the rural com-munities, the lords and the towns which continue to evolve on the 14th and 15th centuries. El present article analitza la formacio de la identitat col•lectiva al mon rural valencia durant els segles baixmedievals. Des del segle XIII, s’assenten les bases de la identitat col•lectiva del camperolat a partir de la constitucio de comunitats rurals certament homogenies que comparteixen un conjunt de trets institucionals, politics, socials i economics. Totes elles formen part d’entitats territorials mes amples, a l’interior de les quals es desenvolupa una consciencia col•lectiva que es fonamenta en l’existencia d’uns trets comuns entre tots els habitants del camp. Per ultim, la identitat col•lectiva es defineix tambe gracies a l’oposicio que les comunitats rurals mantenen amb el senyor i els centres urbans al llarg dels segles XIV i XV.