
doi: 10.71918/209
La enfermedad celiaca es un trastorno sistémico de carácter autoinmune provocado por la ingesta de gluten en individuos genéticamente susceptibles. El único tratamiento existente para la enfermedad celiaca es seguir una dieta sin gluten de por vida. Se evaluó el estado nutricional de niños, adolescentes y adultos celiacos de ambos sexos con un rango de edad de 4-59 años que seguían una dieta sin gluten a largo plazo comparando con un grupo control de población sin la enfermedad, valorando la ingesta de energía y nutrientes, hábitos dietéticos, medidas antropométricas, densidad mineral ósea, parámetros bioquímicos y en una muestra reducida de mujeres adultas, especies de interés de la microbiota intestinal. Los resultados indican que persisten deficiencias nutricionales en las dietas de individuos celiacos que siguen dieta sin gluten. Sin embargo, se observa que los celiacos consiguen equiparar sus dietas a las de la población general en la contribución de macronutrientes a la energía total, incumpliendo de forma similar las recomendaciones nutricionales. En los resultados del análisis antropométrico, densidad mineral ósea, parámetros bioquímicos y microbiota intestinal, no se observan situaciones de riesgo en relación a la enfermedad celiaca aunque se observan diferentes patrones entre poblaciones (niños, adolescentes, adultos) y al dividir la muestra por sexos.
Celiac disease is a systemic autoimmune disorder caused by the ingestion of gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. The only existing treatment for celiac disease is a lifelong gluten-free diet. The nutritional status of celiac children, adolescents and adults of both sexes with an age range of 4-59 years following a long-term gluten-free diet was evaluated in comparison with a control group of population without the disease, assessing energy and nutrient intake, dietary habits, anthropometric measurements, bone mineral density, biochemical parameters and, in a small sample of adult women, species of interest of the intestinal microbiota. The results indicate that nutritional deficiencies persist in the diets of celiac individuals following a gluten-free diet. However, it is observed that celiacs manage to match their diets to those of the general population in the contribution of macronutrients to total energy, similarly failing to comply with nutritional recommendations. In the results of the anthropometric analysis, bone mineral density, biochemical parameters and intestinal microbiota, no risk situations were observed in relation to celiac disease, although different patterns were observed between populations (children, adolescents, adults) and when dividing the sample by sex.
Tesis-CEINDO, Universidad San Pablo CEU, Programa en Ciencia y Tecnología de la Salud, leida el 17 de noviembre de 2021
Enfermedad celiaca., Antropometría., Bone mineral density., Estado nutricional., Densidad mineral ósea., Biochemical parameters., Intestinal microbiote., Microbiota., Celiac disease., Anthropometric measures., Dieta sin gluten., Parámetros bioquímicos., Nutritional status., Gluten free diet.
Enfermedad celiaca., Antropometría., Bone mineral density., Estado nutricional., Densidad mineral ósea., Biochemical parameters., Intestinal microbiote., Microbiota., Celiac disease., Anthropometric measures., Dieta sin gluten., Parámetros bioquímicos., Nutritional status., Gluten free diet.
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