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Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory
Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory
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zbMATH Open
Article . 2022
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Article . 2025
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Protection of lexicographic product graphs

Authors: Douglas Klein; Juan A. Rodríguez-Velázquez;

Protection of lexicographic product graphs

Abstract

Let \(G\) be a graph. A map \(f:V(G)\rightarrow\{0,1,2\}\) can be presented by a partition \((V_0,V_1,V_2)\) of \(V(G)\) where \(v\in V_i\) if \(f(v)=i\) for \(i\in \{0,1,2\}\). A vertex \(v\) of \(G\) is defended by \(f\) if \(N_G[v]\cap (V_1\cup V_2)\neq \emptyset\) where \(N_G[v]\) is the closed neighborhood of \(v\). Now, \(f\) is called a weak Roman domination function if for every \(u\in V_0\) there exists its neighbor \(v\in V_1\cup V_2\), such that every vertex of \(G\) is defended by a new function \(f^\prime:V(G)\rightarrow\{0,1,2\}\) defined by \(f^\prime(u)=1\), \(f^\prime(v)=f(v)-1\) and \(f^\prime(z)=f(z)\) for every \(z\in V(G)-\{u,v\}\). The weight of a weak Roman domination function is \(w(f)=|V_1|+2|V_2|\). The weak Roman domination number \(\gamma_r(G)\) is the minimum weight \(w(f)\) over all weak Roman domination functions \(f\). A set \(D\subseteq V(G)\) is a dominating set if every vertex \(v\in V(G)-D\) is adjacent to a vertex \(u\in D\). A dominating set \(S\) is secured dominating set if for every vertex \(v\in V(G)-D\) there exists a neighbor \(u\in S\) of \(v\) such that \((S-\{u\})\cup\{v\}\) is a dominating set of \(G\). The secure dominating number \(\gamma_s(G)\) of \(G\) is the minimum cardinality of a secure dominating set of \(G\). The lexicographic product \(G\circ H\) of graphs \(G\) and \(H\) is a graph with \(V(G\circ H)=V(G)\times V(H)\). Two vertices \((g,h)\) and \((g^\prime,h^\prime)\) are adjacent in \(G\circ H\) if \(gg^\prime\in E(G)\) or (\(g=g^\prime\) and \(hh'\in E(H)\)). The authors first show the equality \(\gamma_r(G\circ H)=\gamma_s(G\circ H)\) for a graph \(G\) without isolated vertices and any graph \(H\) with \(\gamma_s(H)\leq 2\) or \(\gamma_r(H)\geq 3\). Later, they underline the mentioned equality with several exact results where the first graph \(G\) is a complete graph or a path or a cycle and the second graph \(H\) is arbitrary.

Keywords

weak Roman domination number, Graph operations (line graphs, products, etc.), secure domination number, double total domination, weak roman domination, Vertex subsets with special properties (dominating sets, independent sets, cliques, etc.), 05c69, QA1-939, total domination, 05c76, secure domination, Mathematics, lexicographic product

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
4
Average
Average
Average
Published in a Diamond OA journal