Publisher Summary This chapter presents a social analysis and social action. Most sociologists, including Amitai Etzioni, feel that such combination of theory and methods is the very foundation on which sociology as a science ought to be built and is in fact being constructed. What is lacking most is social analysis, the systematic exploration of social issues, that is, concern with the methodological questions of sociological analysis of the great issues of the present age that tend to involve the study of macroscopic units. Social analysis requires special training and distinct methods, knowledge, and a professional tradition. It requires more than a simple application of an existing body of knowledge to the study of a set of problems; it is also a question of studying the problems that application of sociology engenders.