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Graph Neural Networks for Traffic Forecasting

Authors: Rico, Joao; Barateiro, José; Oliveira, Arlindo;

Graph Neural Networks for Traffic Forecasting

Abstract

The significant increase in world population and urbanisation has brought several important challenges, in particular regarding the sustainability, maintenance and planning of urban mobility. At the same time, the exponential increase of computing capability and of available sensor and location data have offered the potential for innovative solutions to these challenges. In this work, we focus on the challenge of traffic forecasting and review the recent development and application of graph neural networks (GNN) to this problem. GNNs are a class of deep learning methods that directly process the input as graph data. This leverages more directly the spatial dependencies of traffic data and makes use of the advantages of deep learning producing state-of-the-art results. We introduce and review the emerging topic of GNNs, including their most common variants, with a focus on its application to traffic forecasting. We address the different ways of modelling traffic forecasting as a (temporal) graph, the different approaches developed so far to combine the graph and temporal learning components, as well as current limitations and research opportunities.

Keywords

traffic forecasting, FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI), Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, graph neural networks, deep learning, Machine Learning (cs.LG)

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    popularity
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    Top 10%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
11
Top 10%
Top 10%
Average
Green