Population aging leads to physiological adaptations, such as sarcopenia and decline in muscle strength, which frequently result in functional losses, risk of falls, and the onset of Frailty Syndrome. In this context, this study aims to analyze the effects of strength training on the physical and functional health of older adults, discussing its effectiveness in reversing frailty and improving quality of life. The methodology adopted was characterized by an integrative literature review, based on the analysis of clinical trials and recent articles (2025-2026) that evaluated primary outcomes such as dynamometry, body composition, physical performance tests (SPPB and TUG), and biomechanical assessment. The results indicate that interventions such as high-intensity strength training and high-speed power training not only halt muscle loss but also promote significant gains in the rate of strength development, being vital even in the rehabilitation of sarcopenia. The literature discussed reinforces that such interventions, when guided by objective parameters in physiotherapy, transcend the motor aspect, acting as systemic modulators that benefit cognitive and emotional health, as well as cardiovascular rehabilitation. It is concluded that strength and power training is a non-negotiable pillar in gerontology, and the association between muscle gain and rigorous biomechanical assessment is essential to ensure that the increase in strength actively translates into autonomy, clinical resilience, and safety for the elderly population.