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Hantavirus

Authors: Marco Luis Herrera-Hidalgo;

Hantavirus

Abstract

Motivado por las noticias sobre un brote epidémico suscitado en un crucero y causado por el Hantavirus, me permito hacer algunos recordatorios sobre este virus. La familia Hantaviridae es una familia de virus de ARN de cadena negativa, clasificada dentro del orden Bunyavirales. Son virus envueltos, de forma esférica a oval con un diámetro entre 80–120 nm, con un genoma tripartito de ARN de cadena negativa simple con tres segmentos y el primero es el Segmento L (Largo) que codifica para la ARN polimerasa, un segundo segmento Segmento M (Medio) que codifica las glicoproteínas Gn y Gc. Por último, un Segmento S (pequeño) que codifica la nucleoproteína (N). Su proceso de replicación ocurre en el citoplasma de la célula hospedera y el virus ingresa a las células mediante endocitosis, utilizando integrinas como receptores (β3) y no producen efecto citopático visible en el reservorio natural. En el ser humano, el mecanismo de daño es principalmente mediado por una reacción inmune y no hay efecto citopático directo. Inicialmente, el virus infecta células endoteliales capilares y allí es capaz de desencadenar una fuerte respuesta inflamatoria induciendo la liberación de grandes cantidades de citoquinas (tormenta de citocinas), lo que aumenta la permeabilidad vascular y las cepas que tiene tropismo pulmonar inducen edema pulmonar y las cepas que no lo tienen permanecen en el endotelio vascular e inducen hemorragias internas y daño renal. La Hanta virosis es una infección zoonótica con un reservorio principal en roedores y que llega al ser humano por la inhalación de partículas virales presentes en orina, heces y saliva de roedores infectados, existiendo la posibilidad de que existan otros animales que sirvan como vector.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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