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Pediatría Integral
Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: Crossref
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Vacunas antineumocócicas

Authors: Jesús Ruiz Contreras;

Vacunas antineumocócicas

Abstract

Revisión narrativa/descriptiva de la epidemiología de las infecciones neumocócicas en nuestro país, y de las vacunas neumocócicas disponibles y en desarrollo. En la actualidad, 2 de cada 3 casos de enfermedad neumocócica invasiva (ENI) se deben a serotipos no vacunales no contenidos en la vacuna neumocócica conjugada 13-valente. Sin embargo, algunos de los serotipos vacunales, como el 4, el 14, el 3, el 19A y el 19F, se mantienen. El serotipo 3 es el primer causante de ENI tanto en niños como en adultos mayores de 65 años. En los niños menores de 5 años, los serotipos más frecuentes son: 3, 24F, 22F, 8, 15B, 19A, 10A, 15A, 38 y 33F. Algunos serotipos tienen un tropismo especial por algunos órganos y sistemas: el serotipo 3 propende a causar neumonías necrotizantes y empiemas, mientras que los serotipos 24F y 10A tienden a causar meningitis. Las nuevas vacunas neumocócicas conjugadas, la 15-valente y la 20-valente, suponen un avance en el control de la enfermedad neumocócica, aunque no se disponen de estudios de eficacia que permitan estimar el impacto de las mismas. La vacuna 20-valente proporciona una mayor cobertura de serotipo, pero la 15-valente es significativamente más inmunógena, incluso que la vacuna 13-valente, frente al serotipo 3. Existen otras vacunas neumocócicas conjugadas en desarrollo, que incorporan mayor número de serotipos o utilizan diferentes plataformas de conjugación para mejorar la inmunidad.

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Powered by OpenAIRE graph
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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