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Pediatría Integralarrow_drop_down
Pediatría Integral
Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: Crossref
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Raquitismos

Authors: J Cruz Rojo; L Garzón Lorenzo; I Lázaro Rodríguez;

Raquitismos

Abstract

El raquitismo es una enfermedad ósea caracterizada por defectos en la mineralización del cartílago de crecimiento debidos a alteraciones en los niveles séricos de calcio y fosfato. Su presentación clínica es variable según la edad de inicio y la causa subyacente, pero, típicamente, incluye deformidades en varo de las piernas, talla baja y ensanchamiento de las articulaciones. Puede deberse a deficiencias nutricionales (principalmente de vitamina D o calcio) o a defectos genéticos en genes implicados en el metabolismo y acción de la vitamina D, la producción o degradación del factor de crecimiento de fibroblastos 23 (FGF23), el manejo renal del fosfato o la mineralización ósea. Aunque la prevalencia del raquitismo nutricional ha disminuido, sigue habiendo casos, incluso en países desarrollados, especialmente en lactantes prematuros o amamantados con lactancia materna exclusiva o en niños de piel oscura o con escasa exposición solar. El diagnóstico se basa en la historia clínica, la exploración física, pruebas bioquímicas y radiografías. La prevención solo es posible en el raquitismo nutricional y requiere suplementación o fortificación alimentaria con vitamina D y calcio, junto a exposición solar moderada. El tratamiento incluye suplementos de vitamina D y/o calcio. Las formas hereditarias pueden requerir metabolitos activos de vitamina D, fósforo oral o terapias dirigidas, como anticuerpos anti-FGF23.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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