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Interdisciplinary Explorations in Research Journal
Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY NC SA
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Pemikiran Politik Al-Farabi

Authors: Gusti Muslihuddin Sa’adi; Ahmadi Hasan; Masyithah Umar; Nuril Khasyi'in;

Pemikiran Politik Al-Farabi

Abstract

Abstract Al-Farabi, a renowned philosopher of the medieval period, contributed significantly to political thought with his concepts on the ideal state, which he termed "al-madinah al-fadhilah". He was honored with the title "al-mu'allim ats-tsani" (the second teacher) after Aristotle. This study aims to explore Al-Farabi's philosophical objectives for the establishment of a state and the individual contributions of citizens towards nation-building. Additionally, it seeks to understand Al-Farabi's concepts of the ideal state and the ideal leader. The research is qualitative and literature-based, employing a philosophical approach. The primary source is Al-Farabi's book "Ara Ahl al-Madinah al-Fadilah", supplemented by relevant books and journals. The findings reveal that, according to Al-Farabi, the purpose of a state is to achieve happiness in both the worldly and the hereafter. He views the state as a form of devotion to God, aligning well with religious-based nations like Indonesia. The ideal leader, according to Al-Farabi, is someone perfect in physical form, wisdom, and spiritual maturity, as he mentioned as a philosopher resembling a prophet. Such a leader becomes the central figure in governance, education, and character development of the citizens. Al-Farabi describes the ideal state as one where the leader and the people collaborate to achieve happiness in this world and the next. Conversely, non-ideal states include the Ignorant State, the Immoral State, the Transformed State, and the Misguided State. Keywords: Al-Farabi, Ideal State, Leadership Abstrak Al-Farabi merupakan filosof masyhur di abad pertengahan yang mempunyai banyak produk pemikiran, ia diberi gelar al-mu’allim ats-tsani setelah Aristoteles, di antara produk pemikirannya adalah tentang konsep bernegara. Pemikiran Al-Farabi tentang konsep Negara ideal, yang disebutnya sebagai al-madinah al-fadhilah telah memberikan sumbangan penting dalam pemikiran politik dunia, khususnya negara-negara yang berasaskan agama. Peneltian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tujuan filosofis dari berdirinya suatu Negara dan kontribusi individual masyarakat dalam membangun Negaranya menurut Al-Farabi. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsep Negara ideal dan pemimpin ideal menurut Al-Farabi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitan pustaka yang bersifat kualitatif dengan pendekatan filosofis, sumber utama penelitian ini adalah buku Al-Farabi yang berjudul Ara Ahl al-Madinah al-Fadilah yang didukung dengan sumber-sumber lain baik berupa buku ataupun jurnal yang relevan dengan penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa menurut Al-Farabi, tujuan bernegara adalah mencapai kebahagiaan dunia dan akhirat. Menurutnya Negara merupakan bentuk pengabdian kepada Tuhan, sehingga menurut penulis konsep Al-farabi sesuai dengan Negara yang berlandaskan agama, seperti Indonesia. Pemimpin ideal menurut Al-Farabi adalah seseorang yang sempurna secara fisik, bijaksana, dan matang secara spiritual, yang ia sebut sebagai filosof yang menyerupai Nabi. Pemimpin ini menjadi pusat pemerintahan, pendidikan, dan pembentukan karakter warga negara. Al-Farabi menggambarkan negara ideal adalah suatu Negara di mana pemimpin dan rakyatnya bekerja sama mencapai kebahagiaan dunia dan akhirat. Negara yang tidak ideal meliputi Negara Kebodohan, Negara Fasik, Negara yang Berubah, dan Negara yang Tersesat Kata kunci: Al-Farabi, Negara Ideal, Kepemimpinan

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
hybrid
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