With the acceleration of urbanization, China faces severe challenges in waste management. Currently, waste sorting and transportation have become a key aspect of urban environmental governance, influenced by factors such as vehicle capacity constraints and collection requirements for different types of waste. This paper addresses the issue of urban waste sorting and transportation by constructing and solving optimization models under different constraints, effectively reducing transportation costs and carbon emissions while enhancing transportation efficiency. This paper simplifies such problems into the capacitated vehicle routing problem(CVRP), aiming to minimize the total daily transportation distance while considering constraints such as vehicle capacity constraints and multiple round-trip deliveries. A single-type waste transportation route optimization model is constructed and solved using a hybrid heuristic algorithm. Further considering dedicated vehicles for different types of waste, as well as their load, volume, time, and transportation cost constraints, new constraints are introduced based on this model, and a divide-and-conquer strategy and hybrid heuristic algorithm(HHA) is adopted to solve the multi-type waste transportation route optimization problem. By iteratively optimizing the routes, the transportation routes for various types of waste are reasonably planned, effectively reducing the cost of urban waste transportation.