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Estudios y Perspectivas Revista Científica y Académica
Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
Data sources: Crossref
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Entre la Enfermedad Mental y el Enfermo Mental

Authors: Viviana Andrea Arboleda Sánchez;

Entre la Enfermedad Mental y el Enfermo Mental

Abstract

La enfermedad mental ha sido transversal a la historia de la humanidad, generándose diferentes entendimientos sobre lo normal y lo anormal. Los significados sobre qué es estar mentalmente enfermo han demostrado una estrecha relación con el contexto histórico, así como con las actitudes, representaciones sociales y creencias de las diferentes civilizaciones a través de los siglos. Este artículo ubica a la persona en el centro del debate, presentando una revisión histórica sobre la enfermedad mental a partir de tres modelos: demonológico, teocéntrico y naturalista. Se observa que, pese a las diferencias significativas entre estos modelos, los tres convergen en un aspecto: han hecho énfasis en la explicación de la enfermedad, pero poco en la comprensión del enfermo. Se identifica un patrón donde se le otorga más importancia al modelo vigente que a la experiencia subjetiva de la persona, trascendiendo el plano de la enfermedad y ubicándose en el terreno del dolor y el sufrimiento. Finalmente, se puntualiza en la importancia de integrar la voz de la ciencia y sus aportes provenientes del modelo naturalista con la experiencia de primera persona del enfermo, de cara a generar procesos de intervención más integradores.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
3
Top 10%
Average
Average
gold