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Construire durablement au Nunavik

Authors: Allard, Michel; Cohen-Fournier, Nathan; Dorval, Jean-Gabriel; Héroux, Maxime; Gauthier, Sarah; B. St-Amour, Arianne; Roy-Léveillée, Pascale;

Construire durablement au Nunavik

Abstract

Les impacts ressentis du dégel du pergélisol au Nunavik imposent déjà des rénovations à plusieurs bâtiments et aux infrastructures. En particulier, les impacts structuraux des déformations du sol sur les maisons amplifient les coûts d’entretien, notamment les maisons construites comme logements sociaux qui composent la majorité du parc d’habitations. Ce rapport recommande une stratégie d’adaptation pragmatique et efficace en réponse et en prévention des impacts du réchauffement climatique dans les communautés inuites. Alors que toutes les prévisions scientifiques prévoient que le dégel du pergélisol déjà commencé s’amplifiera dans les prochaines décennies, le but principal de nos recommandations est de faire en sorte que les bâtiments au Nunavik ne seront pas endommagés dans le futur par les tassements du sol et la perte de capacité portante découlant du dégel du pergélisol. La construction des bâtiments sur des terrains rocheux et sur des pieux prenant appui dans le roc permettra également de procéder à l’aménagement durable du territoire dans les communautés de façon à éviter plusieurs autres impacts de la dégradation du pergélisol dans le milieu de vie des communautés, dont notamment l’érosion et les problèmes de drainage des sols. Un autre avantage souhaité est la conservation dans les communautés de plus vastes espaces dans leur état de verdure naturelle en réduisant la superficie des radiers en sable et gravier, diminuant par l’occasion les émissions de poussières. Vous trouverez en pièces jointes le rapport complet et les cartes des annexes 3 et 4 (français et anglais), ainsi que le résumé exécutif (français, anglais et inuktitut).

The impacts of permafrost thaw in Nunavik are already demanding renovations to buildings and infrastructure. In particular, the structural impacts of ground deformation on houses are increasing maintenance costs, especially for social housing, which comprises the majority of the Nunavik housing stock. This report recommends a pragmatic, efficient adaptation strategy to address and prevent impacts of global warming in Inuit communities. All scientific projections indicate that permafrost thaw will intensify in the coming decades. Our recommendations aim to prevent future damage to Nunavik buildings by settlement or loss of load-bearing capacity caused by permafrost thaw. Building on rocky terrain and on piles driven into bedrock will foster sustainable land development and avert many additional impacts of permafrost degradation on community living environments, including erosion and soil drainage problems. We also hope that reducing the surface area of sand and gravel pads will foster the conservation of larger areas of natural vegetation in the communities and reduce dust emissions.

Keywords

Construction durable, Pergélisols

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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