Additional file 1: Figure S1 Analysis of functional groups on the surface of named materials by FT-IR infrared absorption spectra. Figure S2. Impedance analysis of the PAni-PAni/CSR sensor electrode after 5 to 20 cycles of electrodeposition. Figure S3 (A–C) The difference in thickness of the polyaniline layer deposited on CSR was observed by SEM. Figure S4. Cyclic voltammetry analysis of the Ab-N,S-GQD@AuNP-PAni-PAni/CSR sensor electrode after 2 to 50 cycles. Figure S5. Cyclic voltammetry of CSR day1 (black line) and day2 (red line). Figure S6. Comparison of the Rct values for AuNP-coated CSR (blue line) and AuNP/PAni-coated CSR (orange line). Figure S7. Detection result of WSSV using different surface areas of Ab-N,S-GQD@AuNP-PAni-PAni/CSR. Figure S8. AFM images of the bare disposable sensor electrode (A) and WSSV-bound electrode (B). Figure S9. Nyquist impedance plots of the Ab-N,S-GQD@AuNP-PAni-PAni/CSR sensor electrode before and after loading A) HEV and B) influenza virus. Figure S10. Detection results of genotype 3 HEV (A) and influenza virus A (H1N1) (B) using the Ab-N,S-GQD@AuNP-PAni/CSR sensor electrode with their corresponding antibodies attached.