Reading aloud from an early age, as an early cognitive and emotional stimulus, has numerous benefits for children: it promotes language acquisition, which directly impacts school performance; it aids cognitive development and also facilitates emotional work. Its recommendation by pediatricians can be included in the promotion of healthy habits that influence the overall health of children. This study describes the benefits of reading aloud, the role of various international organizations that promote reading in childhood, the situation of reading comprehension in children and adolescents in Spain, and the positions of various working groups on reading promotion. After analyzing the evidence of the benefits of reading aloud, we present the recommendations that the PrevInfad group has developed for pediatric consultations in Primary Care.