Colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) is a relatively new diagnostic procedure for patients with suspected colonic diseases. This convenient,noninvasive method enables the physician to explore the entire colon without significant discomfort to the patient. However, while CCEcan be performed painlessly without bowel air insufflation, the need for vigorous bowel preparation and other technical limitationsexist. Due to such limitations, CCE has not replaced conventional colonoscopy. In this review, we discuss historical and recentadvances in CCE including technical issues, ideal bowel preparation, indications and contraindications and highlight further technicaladvancements and clinical studies which are needed to develop CCE as a potential diagnostic tool.