With the rapid growth of the global population, demands for food, water, and energy have led to significant environmental stress. Heavy metals, organic pollutants, waste (oil, solvents), military activities (explosives, chemical weapons), agricultural chemicals (pesticides, herbicides), and industrial waste (chemicals, petrochemicals) resulting from agricultural activities and industrialization cause serious environmental pollution. Phytoremediation is a technique that uses plants to remove, transform, evaporate, or fix these pollutants found in air, soil, water, sludge, and sediments. Phytoremediation is an effort to remediate contaminated areas using nature's own mechanisms. Pollutants can be taken up by plants, degraded within the plant or in the plant root zone, retained through conjugation, or vaporized. Phytoremediation offers a green alternative to traditional physical and chemical cleaning methods with its low cost, direct use of solar energy, and ability to restore habitats. Thanks to these natural mechanisms, plants not only contribute aesthetically and ecologically to human life but also play an active role in combating pollution from industrial activities. This review provides general information about phytoremediation.