Domestic dogs provide a unique challenge to the veterinary practitioner to manipulate estrous cycle. Due to an obligatory 120-day anestrus, dogs cycle much less frequently than other domestic species. This can pose a problem for owners and breeders wishing to produce pups at a certain part of the year or temporarily prevent pregnancy due to competition, health, or convenience. We describe the most common pharmacological methods available to practitioners for induction and suppression of the canine estrous cycle with a brief discussion on the efficacy of anecdotal nonpharmacologic methods.