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Caracterización óptica de lentes intraoculares = Optical characterization of intraocular lenses

Authors: Alba Bueno, Francisco;

Caracterización óptica de lentes intraoculares = Optical characterization of intraocular lenses

Abstract

The optical characterization of an intraocular lens (IOL) provides objective and quantitative information that is essential to fully understand its performance as an implant that replaces the crystalline lens in the human visual system. Additionally, it can be used to predict the performance of the new IOL designs. This thesis analyses the main sources of uncertainty in the calculation of the IOL power and the compensation of the residual refractive errors by using some unconventional degrees of freedom. The thesis focuses on the in vitro characterization of a variety of commercially available IOLs (monofocal, multifocal, spherical, aspherical, apodized, full-­-aperture, and of different materials, powers and additions) in optical bench. To this end, we have designed and implemented the necessary methods of measurement and an experimental setup that, according to the international standard regulation, reproduces the conditions of such implants in the human eye. We have developed a method to measure the energy efficiency of IOLs. This method has allowed us to explain the clinical results obtained in the evaluation of the stereoscopic acuity when using two tests based on different principles. The optical imaging quality of IOLs has been quantified through the experimental measurement of the modulation transfer function and the fringe visibility (contrast). We have developed and implemented a method to characterize some artifact, named halo, that can be perceived by those patients implanted with multifocal IOLs. Finally, all the experimental results have been used as a basis for the comparison of the IOL performances. La caracterización óptica de las lentes intraoculares (IOLs del inglés Intraocular Lenses) proporciona una información objetiva y cuantitativa que es necesaria para comprender su funcionamiento como implante que sustituye al cristalino en el sistema visual humano. Además, permite predecir el rendimiento de los nuevos diseños. Dicha caracterización se debe llevar a cabo mediante pruebas in vivo en pacientes ya implantados así como con pruebas in vitro en banco óptico o mediante simulación teórica. Esta tesis analiza las fuentes de error en el cálculo de la potencia de las lentes intraoculares y la compensación de los errores refractivos residuales mediante el uso de grados de libertad no convencionales. Se centra, fundamentalmente, en la caracterización in vitro de una variedad de lentes comercialmente disponibles (monofocales, multifocales, esféricas, asféricas, apodizadas, no-­-apodizadas, y distintos materiales, potencias y adiciones) en un banco óptico. Para ello se ha diseñado y puesto a punto los métodos de medida, un montaje experimental que reproduzca las condiciones en las que las lentes se implantan en el ojo y de acuerdo con la normativa internacional. Se ha medido la calidad óptica a través de la Función de Transferencia de Modulación o la visibilidad de franjas (contraste). Se ha desarrollado e implementado un método para la cuantificación experimental de la eficiencia energética de los distintos modelos de IOLs. Este método ha servido para explicar algunos resultados clínicos obtenidos al evaluar la visión estereoscópica con dos tests con diferente principio de funcionamiento. Se ha desarrollado e implementado un método para caracterizar el halo que perciben algunos pacientes implantados con IOLs multifocales

Country
Spain
Keywords

570, 617, Ulls -- Acomodació i refracció, :Ciències de la visió [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Lents intraoculars, 530, Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Ciències de la visió

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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