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https://doi.org/10.5772/intech...
Part of book or chapter of book . 2026 . Peer-reviewed
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Advanced Sintering Methods

Authors: Petrică Vizureanu; Andrei Pruteanu; Mădălina Simona Baltatu; Andrei Victor Sandu;

Advanced Sintering Methods

Abstract

In the last decade, sintering technologies have developed rapidly, progressing from conventional heat treatments towards advanced and hybrid approaches capable of meeting the increasing demands placed on new materials. This chapter presents a comprehensive review of the main advanced sintering techniques, including spark plasma sintering (SPS), hot isostatic pressing (HIP), microwave sintering, and other field-assisted sintering (FAST) methods. In this way, fundamental process mechanisms, critical processing parameters, and comparative advantages over conventional sintering are presented, with a focus on achieving rapid densification, refined microstructures, and improved functional performance in ceramic, metallic, and composite materials. In the second part, we focus on sintering in the context of additive manufacturing as a hybrid technology, addressing the main classes of additive processes, such as direct energy deposition, material extrusion, material jetting, sheet lamination, vat polymerization, and powder bed technologies. Attention is paid to binder jetting processes, subsequent sintering, selective laser sintering, and post-processing heat treatments, which play a key role in improving densification, mechanical properties, and microstructural homogeneity. Hybrid manufacturing routes are also discussed as promising strategies that integrate additive processes with advanced sintering, allowing the overcoming of limitations related to geometric complexity, material compatibility, and performance optimization. By correlating advances in sintering science with innovations in additive manufacturing, the chapter provides an integrated perspective on the role of emerging methods in the development of the next generation of functional materials for biomedical, structural, and energy applications.

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    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
hybrid