This chapter lays the groundwork for the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) by guiding readers through the construction of a robust hierarchical structure. A clear problem definition and desired outcomes are emphasized as the foundation for a successful AHP process. The chapter explores how these elements help create structured objectives, providing a clear understanding of the AHP methodology. The heart of AHP lies in creating a hierarchy that examines decision components and their interrelationships. Readers will learn to identify and break down criteria, ultimately defining alternative solutions. This chapter offers a comprehensive guide to building an AHP framework, providing practical insights into problem definition, criteria selection, and hierarchy construction. It includes a step-by-step approach to creating a well-structured AHP model, techniques for stakeholder engagement, and methods for ensuring consistency in decision-making. By the end, readers will be able to transform complex decision-making challenges into manageable frameworks, leading to accurate comparisons and well-informed conclusions. This chapter not only guides practitioners but also underscores AHP’s versatility through a detailed case study. By embracing AHP’s rigorous prep work and analytical discipline, organizations can achieve superior decisions aligned with their strategic goals and operational realities.