This chapter sheds light on the negative effects of environmental and climate phenomena on the planet and its inhabitants. It also shows the importance of enhancing environmental awareness among residents by highlighting the role of green social work (GSW) in raising this awareness among residents of all social segments to reduce catastrophic climate phenomena and ensure environmental sustainability. The chapter discusses some pivotal concepts, including GSW, environmental awareness, global warming, sustainable development, and environmental sustainability, in addition to local and international efforts to preserve the environment. It also seeks to highlight the role of GSW in developing environmental awareness and maintaining environmental sustainability. This chapter follows the qualitative approach, which is applied through the content analysis method of some field studies, reports, and theoretical literature interested in studying GSW, as well as the relationship between humans and the environment, environmental and climate phenomena, and problems, and their catastrophic effects on the Earth and its inhabitants. It also reviews the role of professional practices in GSW in developing environmental awareness and achieving sustainable environmental goals. It concludes by presenting general outlines of the content of a teaching curriculum for GSW to achieve sustainable development and environmental sustainability.