Organ transplant recipients (OTR) in general and, in particular, lung transplant recipients (LTx) – due to their underlying disease, extensive surgery, and the continual and profound immunosuppression to which they are subjected – become perfect targets for the development of infections. These are more frequent and severe than in the non-transplanted population, and may be caused by either common or less frequent opportunistic pathogens such as the Nocardia species.