Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is also named encephalomyelitis disseminata (ED). EAE has been also called experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, but the word `allergic` is more and more replaced by the word `autoimmune`. This has to do with the deeper understanding of the disease biology that has been gathered over the last years. MS is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that leads to inflammation, demyelination and axonal loss. The CNS lesions cause neurological deficits.