Organoids are developed from stem cells and serve as three-dimensional model systems for different organs. They have great potential for research and medicine, but also raise philosophical, ethical and legal questions which have rarely been discussed in Germany so far. This thematic study by the interdisciplinary research group (IAG) Gene Technology Report at the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities offers an overview of current scientific developments, their present and potential application, as well as epistemological, ethical and legal reflections. Hereby, the IAG wants to provide impetus for an interdisciplinary and society-wide debate on this general subject. With contributions by Cantas Alev, Aileen-Diane Bamford, Sina Bartfeld, Andreia S. Batista-Rocha, Ali H. Brivanlou, Thomas Burgold, Cindrilla Chumduri, Stephan Clemens, Emrecan Dilmen, Tobias Erb, Fred Etoc, Melinda B. Fagan, Heiner Fangerau, Boris Fehse, Nina Frey, Tristan Frum, Anne Grapin-Botton, Navin Gupta, Jürgen Hampel, Ferdinand Hucho, Özge Kayisoglu, Rashmiparvathi Keshara, Yung Hae Kim, Bon-Kyoung Koo, Martin Korte, Yaroslav Koshelev, Kai Kretzschmar, Allison Lewis, Lilian Marx-Stölting, Fruzsina Molnár-Gábor, Ryuji Morizane, Stefan Mundlos, Paola Nicolas, Angela Osterheider, In-Hyun Park, Anja Pichl, Sandra Pilat-Carotta, Jens Reich, Marlen Reinschke, Hannah Schickl, Silke Schicktanz, Nicolas Schlegel, Jason R. Spence, Yoshiaki Tanaka, Jochen Taupitz, Isaree Teriyapirom, Margherita Y. Turco, Jörn Walter, Eva Winkler, Martin Zenke.