In the article the author presents the results of research and implementation works, concerning the possibility of widespread introduction in Polish conditions of the modern principles of the implementation of village renewal programs. Currently, these programs are implemented in a much shallower form, restricted only to investments in selected items of social and technical infrastructure. Apart from Opolskie Voivodship – and part of Dolnośląskie and Pomorskie voivodships — its full potential within village renewal of the building of social capital in rural areas is not used. In addition, a properly executed village renewal project may contribute to the protection and development of natural elements in rural settlements.