The medical secret is one of the most important duties related to the profession. It guarantees confidentiality of patient’s most sensitive data, allows him to build with the doctor a real relationship, based on trust, allows unhampered contacts, excludes third persons from the circle of the interested parties. Medical confidentiality is a significant right of patients, which is protected by law, for breach of which the court can grant a compensation. The disclosure of medical confidentiality may result in a civil liability for a physician who violates protected rights of a patient. Due to the obvious violation of deontological or criminal obligations, the legislator provides ethical liability in the event of an unlawful violation of the obligation of medical confidentiality. All the exceptions to this principle are of high importance as well as the circumstances of the release from medical confidentiality.