The reaction between the foundation and the soil below it is one of the important issues in civil engineering, and this factor has a significant effect on the behavior of the structure. In this article, first, the basic principles of this method and the simplifications introduced in it are introduced, and then the concept of the most important input parameter of this model, the substrate reaction coefficient, determination relationships, and factors affecting it are discussed. The main goal of this article is to understand the concept of the Winkler method and the bed reaction coefficient so that engineers can choose this model with full knowledge of its weaknesses and strengths and the theories used in it. Also, by studying the factors affecting the bed reaction coefficient, it is possible to estimate More realistic values should be provided so that the results of this method are more correct and accurate.