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Tutkimus & kritiikki
Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY ND
Data sources: Crossref
Journal.fi
Article . 2025
License: CC BY ND
Data sources: Journal.fi
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Tiede tienristeyksessä

Boris Hessen ja marxilaisen tieteenhistorian lupaus
Authors: Huhtanen, Jouni;

Tiede tienristeyksessä

Abstract

Artikkelissa tutkitaan marxilaisen tieteenhistorian alkuna pidetyn neuvostoliittolaisen fyysikon Boris Hessenin (1893–1936) 1930-luvulla esittämien teesien tieteenhistoriallista painoarvoa suhteessa Hessenin teesin ensimmäisiin arvostelijoihin lukeutuneen englantilaisen George Clarkin (1890–1979) esittämään kritiikkiin ja pohditaan lopuksi Hessenin asemaa tieteenhistorian kentällä. Clarkin mukaan marxilaisen tieteenhistorian ongelmana oli se, että se katsoi tieteen ratkaisevan kaikki teknologian asettamat ongelmat kehittämiensä teoreettisten mallien avulla. Tieteen kehitys edelsi tällöin aina teknologian kehitystä. Tosiasiassa Hessenin teesi painotti päinvastaista lähtökohtaa ja pyrki selittämään tieteen ajallisen kehityksen yhteiskunnallisten, taloudellisten ja tuotannollisten muutosten avulla. Tämä johti myöhemmin internalismin ja eksternalismin välisenä kiistana tunnettuun väittelyyn. Artikkeli puolustaa Hessenin teesin perusteita ja väittää, että teesillä oli Clarkin kritiikistä huolimatta merkittävä asema 1930-luvulla aluillaan olleen tieteensosiologian kehityksessä.

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Keywords

tieteentutkimus, historiografia, George Clark, tieteensosiologia, marxilainen tieteenhistoria, Boris Hessen

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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