In this paper, a comprehensive synthesis of salient points from pertinent literature in the field is presented, accompanied by an analytical review of extant experimental data. The mechanisms underlying the utilization of green hydrogen in fuel cell vehicles are meticulously dissected from the perspectives of hydrogen production, storage, and utilization. An in-depth investigation into the energy conversion efficiency within the hydrogen production phase is conducted, as well as an examination of the energy conversion efficiency when utilizing green hydrogen as a fuel within fuel cell vehicles. Moreover, the article provides an informative overview of the fundamental attributes and performance metrics of fuel cell vehicles. It conducts a comparative analysis against traditional internal combustion engine vehicles, considering variables such as safety profiles, refueling duration, fuel mass, and fuel cost implications. The advantages of deploying fuel cell vehicles are analyzed, elucidating their benefits. Conversely, the article also enumerates the shortcomings and current bottlenecks faced by fuel cell vehicles, offering a critical view of their current limitations. Furthermore, the study delves into prevalent methods for green hydrogen production, positioning green hydrogen as a viable solution to the current challenges of carbon neutrality. The article culminates by suggesting the role of green hydrogen in spearheading future low-carbon development initiatives, thereby delineating a prospective roadmap for sustainable energy advancement.