In order to observe and understand the effect of acoustic signal detection more intuitively, imaging analysis is needed to obtain clearer detection results, and the detection situation is analyzed manually. The commonly used imaging method is B-scan imaging, which is also widely used in medical imaging. In this paper, an acoustic signal imaging method based on synthetic aperture focusing and full matrix capture is proposed. The application of synthetic aperture focusing method in acoustic signal imaging was improved. Hilbert transformation was used to construct complex signal sequence, and the imaging processing process of full matrix method is proposed. From the aspects of data acquisition, analysis and processing, the echo signals are analyzed, and the differences between synthetic aperture focusing and full matrix method in acoustic signal imaging are compared.