Taking 30 prefecture-level cities in urban agglomeration of the Central Plains as the research object, this paper defines urban economic resilience as the ability of economic system to maintain stability under external shocks, recover quickly after damage, and achieve higher quality development. The entropy method is used to measure the level of urban economic resilience from 2007 to 2022, and the global Moran index, local Moran index and spatial classification method are combined to analyze the evolution characteristics of urban economic resilience in time and space. The results show that: 1. The mean value of the comprehensive economic resilience of urban agglomerations in the Central Plains fluctuated slightly around 0.25 for a long time, reaching a peak of 0.284 in 2011, and falling to the lowest value of 0.225 in 2019 due to the impact of COVID-19. Among the four sub-dimensions, the mean value of economic resilience is the highest, while the economic resilience is relatively weak. 2. In terms of time series evolution, the overall economic resilience of all cities shows a trend of stability while declining. Zhengzhou is significantly ahead in resilience level, while Luoyang is firmly in the second place. The years 2009 and 2019 are the key years for resilience fluctuations. 3.In terms of spatial pattern, the economic resilience of urban agglomerations has a significant positive spatial correlation, which is mainly characterized by high-high agglomeration and low-low agglomeration. Zhengzhou, Luoyang and other central and western core cities form high-value agglomeration areas, while eastern Henan, southern Henan and some cities in northern Anhui form contiguous low-value agglomeration areas. The overall distribution pattern is leading in the central region, high in the west and low in the east, high in the north and low in the south, and Zhengzhou as the center of the outward gradient decline, the resilience gap between the core and peripheral cities exists for a long time. This paper reveals the spatial-temporal evolution of economic resilience of urban agglomerations in the Central Plains, which can provide data support and theoretical reference for improving economic resilience and promoting coordinated development in the region.