
A literatura fonética atual tem apresentado exemplos de fatos que, embora usualmente tidos como categóricos são, na verdade, gradientes, i.e., dispõem-se ao longo de um contínuo físico, como é o caso de várias alofonias. Além disso, essas alofonias se mostram sensíveis a fatos gramaticais – como a prosódia – de línguas específicas. Dada a natureza do primitivo de análise adotado pelas teorias fonológicas, elas não conseguem representar os fatos gradientes. A Fonologia Articulatória (Browman; Golstein, 1986; 1989; 1990; 1992), porém, ao propor um novo primitivo de análise – o gesto articulatório, definido em termos dinâmicos por uma equação que descreve um movimento oscilatório simples –, dá conta de representar os fatos gradientes sem precisar recorrer a regras transformacionais, dado que o gesto é também uma unidade abstrata. Este texto, então, expõe os pressupostos desse modelo, buscando observar como se dá essa “tradução” do gradiente no simbólico e buscando apresentar brevemente o modelo, até agora muito pouco conhecido por pesquisadores brasileiros. Abstract Recent phonetic literature argues that some phenomena treated as categorical by traditional phonological literature are gradient indeed. Some allophonies, for example, lay on a physical continuum and, furthermore, are sensitive to grammatical aspects of a given language, such as its prosodic structure. Due to the categorical nature of the primitives taken by phonological theories, such as the distinctive feature, these theories cannot deal with gradient facts, providing a representation for them. On the other hand, Articulatory Phonology (Browman; Golstein, 1986; 1989; 1990; 1992), proposes a new primitive, the articulatory gesture. This primitive has a dynamical nature, because it is defined in terms of the parameters of an equation that defines a simple oscillatory movement, and it is also abstract, since it represents all the movements of the articulators responsible for the production of a sound. Therefore, the articulatory gesture is capable of “translating” the gradient information into symbolic representation. This text, then, presents Articulatory Phonology, a framework that many Brazilian researchers do not know yet.
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