Relations studies were developed based on post-positivist theories, including the Feminist Theories of R.I. In this context, questions about female marginalization, violence, militarism and power relations at the personal and international levels have come to incorporate a new approach to gender security as a category of analysis. Thus, taking as a premise the importance of peace processes for the uprooting of violence and the construction of peace, this article proposes to investigate the advances and challenges of women's participation in conflict resolution processes, in peacekeeping as military, in peacemaking as negotiators , mediators and signatories, and in peacebuilding as civilians. In this exploratory logic, Resolution 1325 on Women, Peace and Security of the United Nations Security Council is used as the object of analysis in order to understand its representation as a political instrument and its consequences for gender issues, as it permeates the priority and the effort for the participation of women in the construction of peace and security.