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Journal of the Japanese Society of Snow and Ice
Article . 1989 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: Crossref
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Radio echo-sounding of the Antarctic ice sheet.

南極氷床の電波観測について
Authors: HIROKAZU OMAE;

Radio echo-sounding of the Antarctic ice sheet.

Abstract

氷床流動の観測に基づいて, 南極氷床の変動 (例えば, 氷床域の拡大, 縮小) を明らかにすることを目的として, 東南極の東経35度から東経45度に至るみずほ高原地域において, 過去20年にわたって観測が続けられてきた.その結果, 白瀬氷河流域では.年間約70cmもの氷厚の減少が観測された.この氷厚減少から, 白瀬氷河流域の氷床が不安定状態にあることが示唆され, 原因として, 氷床底面での“底面すぺり”が指摘された。そこで, 氷床底面の物理的状態を調べるために電波氷厚計を用いての電波探査が氷床上の流動測定・雪氷観測ルートに沿って, 1982年以降実施された.これまでの電波観測では, 送信時刻と基盤からの反射時刻の時間間隔から氷厚のみを求めていたが, この研究では, 氷床氷の厚さを測定するだけでなく, 氷床内部からの電波反射 (内部反射層), 基盤からの電波反射を記録し, それぞれ, 氷床氷の誘電的性質, 氷床底面及び基盤岩の誘電的性質に対応した情報を得ることができた.これらの観測, 解析をもとに, 基盤および底面氷の物理状態を表わす種々の氷床底面モデルを構築し, 各底面モデルの電波反射係数を計算した.氷床底面に水膜が存在するようなモデルでは, 底面氷/水膜及び, 水膜/基盤岩の境界面での多重反射を考慮した.このモデル計算値と氷床内の電波減衰量を補正した底面反射強度を比較し, モデル計算値でレベルスライスして氷床底面状態を決定した.この結果, 白瀬氷河主流線の中下流域では, 氷床底面が融けて, 水膜が存在しているが, あるいは, 底面氷が, 水を含んだ湿潤状態であることが定量的に示された.また, これらの地域は, 氷床流動が不安定な状態 (氷厚が異常に減少し, 又, 氷の流速が異常に速い状態) にある地域と一致することが明かとなった.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold