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PROFILE PSYCHOPATHOLOGIQUE DES PATIENTS AVEC AUTOMUTILATION : SERIE DE 31 CAS

Authors: Chaara, Aya; Laboudi, Fouad;

PROFILE PSYCHOPATHOLOGIQUE DES PATIENTS AVEC AUTOMUTILATION : SERIE DE 31 CAS

Abstract

Lautomutilationest un comportementassezfrequent chez la population psychiatrique. Cest un symptome qui a differentesfonctionsselon les comorbidites. Lobjectif de ce travail est de determiner le profilsociodemographique et clinique des patients avec automutilationainsi que les differents aspects de la priseen charge afin de dresser un profil de patient chez qui les automutilations constituent un risque de passage a lactesuicidaire. Nous avonsmeneune etude observationnelle descriptive chez des patients hospitalisesouvusen consultation de lhopitalpsychiatriqueuniversitaireArrazi de Saleayant deja fait uneautomutilation au cours de leur vie. Cette etude a recense 31 patients. Le groupe se compose majoritairementdhommes et lâgemoyenest de 27 ans. 22,6% des patients ontsubi un viol durantlenfance, 48,4% ontvecusoit la separation des parents ou le deces de lundeux. 67,7% ont deja etehospitaliseen milieu psychiatrique, 93,5% ont deja fait au moinsuneautomutilation dans le passe et 64,5% ont un antecedent de tentative de suicide. Lusageproblematique de substances psychoactivesestfrequemmentassocie aux automutilations a raison de 77,4%. Enfin, les diagnostics le plus souventassocies a lautomutilationsont la schizophrenie (48,4%), les troubles de la personnalite (19,4%) et lepisodedepressifcaracterise (16,1%). Lâgemoyen de debut des automutilationsest de 19 ans. Lautomutilationsurvientessentiellement dans le milieu familial. 58,1% des patients ontutiliseunearme blanche pour sautomutiler. 54,8 % de nos patients rapportent un apaisement apres lautomutilation, 35,5% regrettentleurgeste, 6,5% sontdegoutesalors que 3,2% sontindifferents. Le but de lautomutilation chez nos patients estavant tout dapaiser les tensions (45,2%), ensuite vient la raison de lautopunition (16,1%) et de lappel a laide (12,9%). Un antecedentdautomutilationestcorrele de façon significative a un antecedent de tentative de suicide. En conclusion,lautomutilationestrepandue et constitue un facteur de risque de suicide. Ainsi, une attention particuliere doit êtreaccordee a cette population pour un reperagerapide des sujets a risqueafin de prevenir tout passage a lactesuicidaire.

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Keywords

Automutilation Tentative De Suicide Psychopathologie

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