Anastrepha luederwaldti Lima Anastrepha luederwaldti Lima 1934: 510 [description]; Steyskal 1977: 33 [list]; Norrbom 1985: 182 [classification]; Norrbom et al. 1999a: 80 [catalog], 1999b: 334 [classification]; Zucchi 2000: 21 [in key]. Lucumaphila luederwaldti: Stone 1939: 342 [new combination]; Aczél 1950: 235 [catalog]; Foote 1967: 30 [catalog]. Anastrepha sp. nr. luederwaldti: Norrbom 1985: 183 [description, Santa Catarina]; Norrbom et al. 1999b: 321, 334 [classification]; Uramoto & Zucchi 1999: 88 [in key]. Anastrepha aff. luederwaldti: Kovaleski et al. 1999: 232 [Rio Grande do Sul]. Anastrepha sp. prox. luederwaldti: Kovaleski et al. 2000: 290 [Rio Grande do Sul]. Diagnosis. This species can be recognized from most species of Anastrepha by having a pair of ovoid brown spots on the posterior margin of the scutum on or slightly lateral to dorsocentral line. It differs from other species of the punctata group, which have that character, in its larger size (mesonotum length 3.40–4.01 mm, wing length 7.92–8.64 mm) and longer terminalia (oviscape length 3.08–3.70 mm vs. less than 2.75 mm). It further differs from A. punctata Hendel and A. aczeli Blanchard in lacking brown markings on the abdominal tergites (variable in A. aczeli), and from A. morvasi Uramoto & Zucchi in having the V-band separate from the S-band and lacking serrations on the aculeus tip. In some specimens the scutal brown spots are faint, but those and other specimens can be distinguished from other Anastrepha species by the following combination of characters: subscutellum and mediotergite entirely yellow to orange; setae golden to orange; wing with C- and S-bands separated; vein R2+3 not sinuous; vein M1 weakly curved apically; oviscape length 3.08–3.70 mm, 0.83–1.04 times as long as mesonotum; eversible membrane with gap of weakly sclerotized denticles; and aculeus tip 0.02–0.03 mm wide, not serrate. Description. Mostly yellow to orange. Setae golden to orange. Head. Yellow to orange except brown to blackish ocellar tubercle. Facial carina relatively weak, in profile, concave on dorsal three-fourths; 3–6 frontal setae (4–5 in lectotype); 2 orbital setae, posterior seta slightly more slender than anterior one; ocellar seta weak, small, 1.0–1.3 times length of ocellar tubercle. Antenna not extended to ventral margin of face. Palpus in lateral view dorsally curved, evenly setulose. Thorax. Integument mostly yellow to orange. Scutum on posterior margin with pair of small, faint to moderate brown spots or markings anterior to corner of scutellum (on dorsocentral line or between it and intra-alar line). Scutoscutellar suture without distinct band or medial spot, but sometimes slightly darker orange brown medially. Postpronotal seta on posterior half of postpronotal lobe. Mesopleuron mostly yellow to orange, without brown markings. Normal pale markings poorly differentiated in examined specimens; postpronotal lobe, dorsal margin of anepisternum, postsutural sublateral scutal vitta, and scutellum clearly white to pale yellow in some specimens. Subscutellum and mediotergite entirely yellow to orange. Mesonotum 3.40–4.01 mm long; 2.2–2.5 mm wide. Postpronotal lobe, scutum and scutellum entirely microtrichose. Scutal setulae yellowish. Chaetotaxy typical for genus. Acrostichal, dorsocentral and intra-alar setae well developed. Katepisternal seta well developed, three-fifths as large as anepisternal seta and as large and stout as anepimeral seta, and same in color. Legs entirely yellow to orange. Fore femur with posterodorsal and ventral rows of well developed setae. Wing (Figs. 1A–B, 2 A). Length 7.92–8.64 mm, width 3.19–3.60 mm, ratio 2.38–2.49. Apex of vein R1 at 0.54–0.57 wing length, proximal to level of anterior end of crossvein r-m. Cell c 1.16–1.31 times as long as pterostigma; pterostigma 3.71–4.13 times as long as wide. Ratio of costa length between apices of Sc and R1/length between apices of R1 and R2+3 0.51–0.55. Vein R2+3 not sinuous. Crossvein r-m at 0.61–0.69 distance from bm-m to dm-m on vein M1. Vein M1 weakly curved apically; cell r4+5 0.99–1.12 times as wide at apex as at level of dm-m. Cell cua with distal lobe moderately long, length of cua 1.57–1.65 times as long as anterior margin, lobe 0.71–0.92 times as long as vein CuA+CuP. Veins brown or orange. Pattern mostly orange and moderate brown. C-band broadly extending to vein M in cell br along cell bm; covering base of cell r2+3; mostly orange, cell c without hyaline area, pterostigma mostly darker orange brown, distal margin in cells r1 and r2+3 narrowly brown, and fork of Rs and margin of band in cell br with small brown spots, that in br paler than that on fork of Rs. C-band and S-band broadly separated by hyaline band from cell bm to costal margin, narrowest along vein R2+3 or vein R4+5. Cell bm entirely hyaline. S-band posterior margin with weak or no incision in cell m4. S-band base without extension in middle of cell cu1 to posterior wing margin; without posterior extension in cell a1. S-band middle section predominantly orange with brown margins. S-band distally not extended to apex of vein M1; medium width, at apex of vein R2+3 0.53–0.67 times width of cell r2+3; without marginal hyaline marks. Subapical hyaline area in radial cells distal to r-m extending anteriorly to vein R2+3. V-band proximal arm on posterior wing margin extending three-fifths to four-fifths distance from apex of vein M4 to apex of vein CuA+CuP; anteriorly extended to vein R4+5, not connected to S-band; distal arm extended to or almost to R4+5; broadly or narrowly connected to proximal arm or separate (paralectotype). Area surrounding apex of lobe of cell cua with microtrichia similar in density to area anterodistal to it along vein M4. Area between S-band and V-band entirely microtrichose in cells dm and m4. Abdomen. Pale brown to orange. Tergites without brown markings, entirely microtrichose; setulae pale brown. Female terminalia. Oviscape (Figs. 1C, 2 B) entirely yellow to orange brown; straight and broadened on basal half, apex slender; entirely microtrichose; 3.08–3.70 mm long; length ratio (oviscape length/mesonotum length) 0.83–1.04; spiracle at basal 0.20–0.23. Eversible membrane (Figs. 1D, 2 C) with 17–20 relatively short hooklike sclerotized dorsobasal denticles in 2 irregular rows apically and similar number of smaller and weaker more proximal denticles. Aculeus (Figs. 1E, 2 D) in ventral view more or less parallel-sided except extreme base; 2.57–3.08 mm long; width at base 0.09–0.14 mm, width at midlength 0.03 mm; aculeus length/oviscape length 0.76–0.84. Aculeus tip (Figs. 1F, 2 E) length difficult to measure, 0.03–0.05 mm, width 0.02–0.03 mm; not flared outward at or proximal to base; evenly tapered with lateral margin convex, not serrate. Spermathecae (Figs. 1G) spherical to ovoid. Male terminalia. Epandrium (Fig. 1 H) in lateral view shorter than high, in posterior view without medial V-shaped indentation in posterodorsal margin. Lateral surstylus short, extended beyond prensisetae by 2.0 times length of prensiseta (although prensisetae relatively small); in posterior view short triangular, apex blunt, medial margin convex, lateral margin concave medially. Proctiger with ventral and lateral sclerotized areas narrow, separated, but without distinct depression. Phallus 4.1 mm long, 1.12 times as long as mesonotum; glans very slender. Type data. The original description of A. luederwaldti by Lima (1934) was based on two cotypes (female and male) “ambos apanhados por [both caught by] Spitz em [in] São Paulo ”, the female from Alto da Serra in “ I-1926 ” [January 1926] and the male from Ypiranga in “ XII-1925 ” [December 1925], deposited in the entomological collection of the “ Museu Paulista ” (MZUSP). We examined both specimens. The lectotype female (Figs. 3 A–C), here designated to stabilize nomenclature and fix the status of this name, bears labels with the following data (Fig. 3 B): “ I.26 ” [January 1926], “ São Paulo ” [Brazil: São Paulo:], “ Alto da Serra ” [Alto da Serra de Santos, a poorly known locality that could include part of Paranapiacaba, 23°46’41’’S 46°18’15’’W (Francini et al. 2005)], “19.047”, “ Anastrepha luederwadti C. L.” “ ♀ 180”, red “ TYPO ”, a blue circle; and “ Lectotype ” [added by us]. It was mounted on a slender pin, which was deteriorating, and therefore was double-mounted on a block of Styrofoam. The abdomen and terminalia were mounted by Lima on a microscope slide labeled with “ A. luederwaldti Diptera C.L. ”, “do exemplar n° 180 ♀ 1933 C. L. det.” (Fig. 3 C). The paralectotype male (Figs. 3 D–F) has labels (Fig. 3 E) with the data: “ XII-25 ” [December 1925], “ São Paulo, Ypiranga ” [23°35’17’’S 46°36’32’’W], “19.047”, “ ♂ Anastrepha luederwaldti C. L. Type ”, red “ TYPO ”; “ ♂ 180 180”, a blue circle; and “ Paralectotype ” [added by us]. The male genitalia and right wing were mounted by Lima on separate microscope slides (Fig. 3 F) each labeled with “ Anastrepha luederwaldti Diptera C.L. do ex. n° 180 ♂ 1933 C.L. det.” Other specimens examined. BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul: Vacaria [28°30'S 50°56'W], 12 Sep 1995, A. Kovaleski, 1 male (USNM USNMENT 00050366); Vacaria, McPhail trap in the border of natural vegetation, 18 Dec 1995, A. Kovaleski, 1 female (ESALQ). Santa Catarina: Corupa, Hansa Humboldt, Dec 1946, A. Maller, 1 female (AMNH USNMENT 00105187); same, Nov 1946, 1 female (USNM USNMENT00105188); Nova Teutonia, 27°11'S 52°23'W, 4 Dec 1937, F. Plaumann, 1 female (BMNH USNMENT 00105189). Host. Unknown. Distribution. Known only from southeastern and southern Brazil, the states of São Paulo, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul. Comments. This species belongs to the punctata group as indicated by the pair of brown spots on the posterior margin of the scutum, the shape of the lateral surstylus, the area of weakly sclerotized denticles on the eversible membrane, and the very slender and short aculeus tip. Due to the limited original description, some authors recognized the specimens from Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul as a species near A. luederwaldti, but reexamination of the syntypes indicates that they are in fact A. luederwaldti.

Published as part of Uramoto, Keiko, Norrbom, Allen L. & Zucchi, Roberto A., 2016, Redescription, lectotype designation and new records of Anastrepha luederwaldti Lima (Diptera, Tephritidae), pp. 341-346 in Zootaxa 4168 (2) on pages 341-345, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4168.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/272398