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Acogimiento familiar en España: un estudio de revisión

Authors: Marta Real Fernández; Ignasi Navarro Soria; Maite Martín-Aragón Gelabert; María del Carmen Terol Cantero;

Acogimiento familiar en España: un estudio de revisión

Abstract

El desamparo puede definirse como una situación caracterizada por la no existencia de la cobertura de ciertas necesidades básicas para el correcto desarrollo de un menor (Allueva, 2011). En esos contextos, las Administraciones Públicas proceden a intervenir con dos recursos alternativos: el Acogimiento Residencial y el Acogimiento Familiar. La reciente modificación de la Ley Orgánica 1/1996 de Protección Jurídica del Menor, establece el Acogimiento Familiar como el recurso de primera elección para menores con edades comprendidas entre los 0 y los 6 años (Ley 26/2015). Con el objetivo de analizar las aportaciones que desde el ámbito científico se han llevado a cabo en este contexto, para así determinar los aspectos más tratados por los investigadores, se implementó una revisión sistemática de la literatura. Para ello, se realizó una búsqueda sobre Acogimiento Familiar, acotando el periodo de publicaciones entre los años 2011 y 2016. El resultado arrojó un total de 203 trabajos que, tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión relativos a: Tipo de documentación (artículos empíricos), Ámbito (psicosocial), País de Origen (España); quedó en 22 trabajos. Las principales conclusiones aportan datos sobre la importancia de la información en el proceso de acogimiento, la motivación para ser acogedores, la red de apoyo, la relación con la Familia Biológica, así como los estilos educativos.

Homelessness can be defined as a situation characterized by the non-existence of coverage of certain basic needs for the proper development of a minor (Allueva, 2011). In these contexts, the Public Administrations proceed to intervene using two alternative resources: Residential Foster Care and Family Foster Care. The recent modification of the Organic Law 1/1996 on the Legal Protection of Children and Young People (Spain) establishes Family Foster Care as the first-choice resource for minors aged between 0 and 6 years (Law 26/2015). In order to analyze the contributions that have been made in the scientific field in this context, and to determine the aspects most treated by researchers, an integrative systematic literature review was implemented. To do this, a literature search was carried out on Foster Care using a delimited publication period (2011-2016). The result yielded a total of 203 works, and after applying the inclusion criteria related to: Type of documentation (empirical articles), Scope (psychosocial), Country of Origin (Spain), there were 22 works. The main conclusions of the present study provide data on the importance of information in the foster care application and assessment process, the motivation to be welcoming, the support network, the relationship with the Biological Family, as well as the teaching styles.

Keywords

acogimiento familiar, H1-99, Non-related kin (NRKIN) traditional foster care, desprotección, Desprotección, Familia extensa, Social Sciences, Familia ajena, Extended family, desamparo, familia ajena, Social sciences (General), H, Family foster care, Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación, Helplessness, familia extensa, Lack of protection, Acogimiento familiar, Desamparo

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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