Opsiina Emeljanov, 1962 Fig. 41 Type genus: Opsius Fieber, 1866. Diagnosis Opsiina are medium sized to large, robust leafhoppers, variable in color but often yellowish, greenish, or brownish and with reticulate or irrorate brown markings; brown markings sometimes saddle-shaped. They are distinguished from other subtribes of Opsiini by the macropterous forewings, subgenital plates with a lateral row of macrosetae, subgenital plate apex often digitate and membranous, valve parabolically shaped, aedeagal shafts arising from base, and ovipositor not protruding far beyond pygofer apex. Description HEAD. Head subequal to or wider than pronotum. Discal portion of crown glabrous with radial or longitudinal striae. Anterior margin of head shagreen. Frontoclypeus not tumid; texture shagreen. Clypellus widening apically; apex following or slightly surpassing normal curve of gena. Lorum subequal to or wider than clypellus near base. Antennal bases near middle or posteroventral (lower) corners of eyes. Antennae short, less than 1.5 x width of head. Gena obtusely incised laterally; with fine erect seta beside laterofrontal suture. Antennal ledges absent. Ocelli present; close to eyes; on anterior margin of head. THORAX. Pronotum lateral margin carinate; lateral margin shorter than basal width of eye. WINGS. Forewing macropterous; appendix restricted to anal margin; with 3 anteapical cells; veins not raised; without or with reflexed costal veins; A1-A2 crossvein absent or present; apical venation not highly reticulate. LEGS. Profemur with AM1 seta only; intercalary row with one row of five or more fine setae; row AV with short, stout setae. Protibia dorsal surface rounded, convex. Metafemur apex macrosetae 2+2+1. Metatarsomere I not expanded apically; plantar setae simple, tapered. MALE GENITALIA. Valve articulated with pygofer; with short point of articulation with pygofer. Pygofer basolateral membranous cleft present; macrosetae well differentiated into several rows. Subgenital plates free from each other, articulated with valve; macrosetae uniseriate laterally. Style broadly bilobed basally, median anterior lobe pronounced. Basal processes of the aedeagus/connective absent or reduced or present, fused to base of aedeagus. Aedeagus without basal hinge; shaft divided near base, with two gonopores. Connective anterior arms somewhat divergent, Y - or U -shaped; articulated with aedeagus. FEMALE GENITALIA. Pygofer with numerous macrosetae. Ovipositor not protruding far beyond pygofer apex. First valvula convex; dorsal sculpturing pattern concatenate, reticulate, or with rectangular shaped cells; sculpturing reaching dorsal margin; without or with indistinctly delimited ventroapical sculpturing. Second valvula broad, gradually tapered or slender throughout; without dorsal median tooth; teeth on apical 1/3 or more; teeth small, regularly or irregularly shaped. Geography and ecology Distribution: cosmopolitan. Opsius stactogalus Fieber, 1866 is adventive in the New World and feeds on Tamarix. Remarks Opsiina is the largest of the 4 subtribes. It contains 25 genera and 218 species. Included genera Afrascius Linnavuori, 1969 placement nov. (transferred from Scaphytopiini) Aladzoa Linnavuori, 1969 Alishania Vilbaste, 1969 Hishimonoides Ishihara, 1965 Hishimonus Ishihara, 1953 Introrsa Dai & Zhang, 2010 Japananus Ball, 1931 placement nov. (transferred from Scaphytopiini) Kirkaldiella Osborn, 1935 placement nov. (transferred from Athysanini) Lampridius Distant, 1918 Libengaia Linnavuori, 1969 Litura Knight, 1970 Masiripius Dlabola, 1981 placement nov. (transferred from Platymetopiina) Naevus Knight, 1970 Navaia Linnavuori, 1960 placement nov. (previously unplaced in Deltocephalinae) Nesophrosyne Kirkaldy, 1907 Norva Emeljanov, 1969 Opsianus Linnavuori, 1960 Opsius Fieber, 1866 Orosius Distant, 1918 Paralampridius Dai, Dietrich & Zhang, 2011 Phlepsopsius Dlabola, 1979 placement nov. (transferred from Athysanini) Pugla Distant, 1908 placement nov. (transferred from Platymetopiina) Satsumanus Ishihara, 1953 Xerophytacolus Stiller, 2012 Xerophytavorus Stiller, 2012

Published as part of Zahniser, James N. & Dietrich, Chris H., 2013, A review of the tribes of Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae), pp. 1-211 in European Journal of Taxonomy 45 on pages 130-132, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2013.45, http://zenodo.org/record/3822710