Communicable diseases have been controlled to a considerable extent in the developed countries. On the other hand, there is a trend towards increase in prevalence of noncommunicable diseases due to ecological imbalance and changing lifestyle of man. Chronic non-communicable diseases are increasing among the adult population. Cardiovascular diseases and cancer are at present the leading causes of death. Life style and behavioural patterns like physical inactivity, consumption of tobacco and alcohol are changing rapidly. Life expectancy increased, because of advanced medical care in most of the countries. Complications of cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus are decreasing the Quality of life. Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and injuries are replacing communicable diseases as the most common causes of disability, morbidity and premature mortality. The leading causes are cancer, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, mental disorders and trauma. Healthy life style and balanced diet are essential for prevention of these conditions. Yoga based lifestyle is very helpful for maintaining physical as well as mental health.