This article examines the historical development, conceptual foundations, healing practices, and cultural significance of traditional medicine among Turkic peoples. Based on archaeological sources, medieval manuscripts, ethnographic data, and modern academic research, the study analyzes the evolution of medical knowledge ranging from shamanistic healing and herbal therapy to the formation of written medical traditions in the Turkic world. Special attention is given to the medical heritage of the Huns, Göktürks, Uighurs, Khorezmians, and medieval Turkic scholars such as Ibn Sina. The study demonstrates that Turkic traditional medicine, integrating empirical knowledge and spiritual practices, played a major role in the formation of Eastern medical philosophy and continues to influence modern complementary medicine.